Word List
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adj. If something is analogous to another thing, then it is like it in certain ways.The relationship with his teacher was analogous to that of a son and mother.
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n. Binoculars are a device used for seeing things that are far away.He could see the ship on the horizon only if he used his binoculars.
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n. The bulk of something is its size.The large elephant moved its bulk with legs as strong as tree trunks.
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v. If something comprises something else, it consists of or is made up of it.Our school's football team is mostly comprised with seniors.
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v. To depict something means to show or portray it, often using art.The statue's face depicted the general's determination and courage.
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adj. If something is dual, then it is made up of two parts.The room had a dual function. It was a living room, but at night it was a bedroom.
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n. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°.When the temperature dropped to 32° Fahrenheit, it started snowing.
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v. To fulfill something means to achieve or finish it.The professor did not fulfill his promise not to miss a single class.
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n. A grove is a small group of trees.All the trees in this grove are apple trees.
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n. Ore is the raw form of rock or material from which a valuable metal is taken.The factory melted the ore and used it to make iron products.
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n. The outback is the wild inland region of Australia where very few people live.Many Australian farmers use the outback to raise cattle.
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v. To outweigh something means to exceed it in value, amount, or importance.Finding a warm place to sleep outweighed the need to find something to eat.
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n. A paradox is a true statement or real event that seems illogical.The paradox of her work was that the less she worked, the more she got done.
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n. A pier is a structure that extends into a body of water.If you want to catch bigger fish, then go to the far end of the pier.
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n. A shortcut is a route that is shorter than the main route.We got to the house early because we took a shortcut through the forest.
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n. A tariff is a tax or fee paid on certain imports or exports.Our tariff on imported wool makes foreign wool more expensive.
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n. A thermometer is a device that measures temperature.The thermometer outside the window indicated that it was a hot day today.
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v. To tilt something means to tip it into a sloping position.She tilted her glass and almost spilled some of the wine inside.
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adv. If a statement is vice versa, then its two main ideas are switched with one another.Students learn from their teachers, and vice versa.
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n. The whereabouts of someone or something is the place where they are.The police looked for the lost dog, but its whereabouts were still unknown.
Exercise
A ‣ Circle the answer that best fits the question.
- Binoculars help you to see things that are _____.
- a. close by
- b. under the sea
- c. far away
- d. covered in mud
- If you have dual responsibilities, then you have _____ things to take care of.
- a. two
- b. three
- c. ten
- d. twelve
- Which of the following is about the same as a tariff?
- a. A salary
- b. A tax
- c. A surplus
- d. A bonus
- Where would you most likely see a pier?
- a. In the water
- b. On a plane
- c. Under the ground
- d. On a road
- Fahrenheit is used to measure _____.
- a. height
- b. distance
- c. weight
- d. temperature
B ‣ Write the word from the word bank that best fits each sentence.
- outback
- whereabouts
- thermometer
- grove
- vice versa
- fulfill
- ore
- Fahrenheit
- outweighed
- shortcut
When the food is ready, its temperature should be 140 degrees 1_____.
You can use that 2_____ to determine when it is hot enough.
There are not many forests in the Australian 3_____.
But there might be a 4_____ wherever there is enough water.
She didn't have much time to get to the house to 5_____ her promise.
Therefore, she took a(n) 6_____ that would get her there in no time.
The need to create more jobs 7_____ the need to spend more money.
But in other years it was 8_____.
According to legend, gold was made from the cave's 9_____.
However, today its 10_____ have been forgotten.
C ‣ Circle the one that is similar in meaning to the given word.
- comprise
- a. return
- b. consist
- c. explain
- d. favor
- tilt
- a. mix
- b. dig
- c. lean
- d. grip
- pier
- a. dock
- b. cake
- c. chef
- d. fort
- analogous
- a. metric
- b. powerful
- c. secure
- d. similar
- paradox
- a. illogical
- b. cattle
- c. calendar
- d. feather
D ‣ Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
- These mines produce several types of valuable raw forms of rock. _____
- The company had to pay a tax on exports for the steel it shipped to Europe. _____
- She used the device used for seeing things far away to observe the small bird. _____
- The painting portrayed what the beach looked like twenty years ago. _____
- He had sent a letter from the city three days earlier. But his precise location was still a mystery. _____
- The two-part plan involves scientists from both universities. _____
- The meal was made up mostly of beans and vegetables. _____
- If you're sick, take your temperature. The device for measuring temperature is in the cabinet. _____
- His promotion was a real event opposite to common knowledge due to his sparse knowledge. _____
- It was difficult to lift the great mass that had accumulated in his backpack. _____
The Shortcut
A truck driver was driving cargo from the outback to the coast. His load was comprised of many types of ore. He needed a huge truck to carry its bulk to a ship waiting at a pier on the country's eastern coast. At the border between two counties, he'd have to pay a tariff on the cargo. However, he could keep his money if he avoided the station at the border. He worried about getting in trouble for not paying the tariff, but the thought of not having to spend the money outweighed this concern.
He took out his road map. To his surprise, it depicted a small road that had a dual advantage. It not only avoided the border station but also was a shorter route to the coast. He decided to take the shortcut.
However, along his journey, he soon ran into problems. First, he had to cross a small wooden bridge. His truck weighed too much for the bridge. It was analogous to an elephant trying to stand on a tree branch. The bridge started to break as the truck crossed, and the trailer tilted to the right. Fortunately, the truck made it safely across, but most of the ore fell into the river below.
Next, it was a very hot day. The thermometer read over 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The truck's engine became too hot, so the driver parked it in the shade of a grove of trees until it cooled down.
Later, he took a wrong turn. He stopped and took out his binoculars. He scanned his surroundings and eventually discovered a landmark that led him back to the proper route.
Finally, he arrived at the pier, but the ship wasn't there. When he asked about the ship's whereabouts, a man said that it had left thirty minutes earlier. He had not fulfilled his contract. He realized then the paradox of the shortcut. The shortest route can be the longest, and vice versa, a long route may be the fastest.
Reading Comprehension
Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.
- _____ The driver's load was comprised of many types of ore.
__________ - _____ The paradox of the shortcut was that the shortest route could be the longest but not vice versa.
__________ - _____ The thermometer read under 100 degrees Fahrenheit.
__________ - _____ When the trailer tilted, the driver's binoculars fell into the river.
__________ - _____ The driver had fulfilled his contract.
__________
Part B: Answer the questions.
- What is the passage about?
- a. The disadvantages of shortcuts
- b. The need for better roads
- c. The reason for tariffs
- d. The importance of maps
- What was the truck crossing the bridge analogous to?
_____ - What made the driver park his truck in a grove of trees while in the outback?
_____
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