Word List

• n. Conversion is the act of changing something into a different state or form.
  The city discussed the conversion of the parking lot into a skateboard park.
• v. To cram things means to put them into a place that can barely contain them.
  He crammed all of his shirts into the top drawer of the dresser.
• v. To defer means to arrange for an action to happen at a later time.
  The girl was very sleepy, so she chose to defer her bath until morning.
• v. To export products means to sell them to other countries.
  The United States exports many cereals and grains.
• n. Fumes are unhealthy smoke and gases that are made by fires or chemicals.
  The engine put unpleasant, black fumes into the air.
• adj. When something is habitual, it is a behavior that a person usually does or has.
  The man was a habitual liar who was incapable of being honest with anyone.
• v. To justify something means to show or prove that it is necessary.
  The government tried to justify its decision to bring the country into a war.
• prep. We use notwithstanding when we want to show that, although something has been done, it is not enough. A similar term is "in spite of".
  Notwithstanding your objections, we have decided to move forward with the project.
• n. Output is the amount of something that a person or thing produces.
  The boss hired more workers to increase the factory's output of products.
• n. Overpopulation is the state of having too many people in an area.
  The organization is concerned with the overpopulation of the world.
• n. A patent is a right to be the only person allowed to make or sell a new product.
  He quickly established a patent for his brilliant invention.
• v. To penalize someone means to punish him or her.
  The team was penalized when they broke the rules.
• n. Petroleum is a liquid natural resource from which many fuels are made.
  The petroleum at that factory is used to make gasoline.
• n. A region is a large area of land usually based on some common feature.
  This is the wheat-growing region of the country.
• n. A scrap of something is a small amount of it.
  Chris liked to use many scraps of paper when thinking up ideas.
• n. A sector is a part of a country's economy in a specific type of industry.
  We learned about just a few of the factories within the manufacturing sector.
• v. To subscribe to something is to agree with it.
  She subscribed to the view that musical education should be kept in schools.
• v. To subsist means to have the food, water, and money needed to stay alive.
  Some people are forced to subsist on only a few dollars a month.
• v. To suspend something means to delay or stop it from happening for a while.
  The oil company suspended production until it was sure the factory was safe.
• n. A synthesis is a combination of different ideas or styles.
  The band's music was a synthesis of many different musical genres.

Exercise

A ‣ Circle the answer that best fits the question.

B ‣ Write the word from the word bank that best fits each sentence.

C ‣ Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.

D ‣ Circle the word that fits the definition.

Reading Comprehension

Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.

Part B: Answer the questions.