Word List
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n. Charity is an act of giving help, usually money, to those who need it.Thanks to his friends' charity, he had enough money to pay the rent.
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n. Commerce is the activity of buying and selling things.The new shopping mall increased the commerce in that section of town.
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v. To condemn someone means to give them a specific punishment.The judge condemned the criminal to five years in prison.
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adj. If something is cozy, then it is comfortable, warm, and relaxing.The thick blanket made the bed very b.
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v. To deplete an amount of something means to use all of it up.All the driving he was doing was depleting his car's fuel supply.
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n. An economy is the money and businesses of a country or region.The factory was good for the economy because it brought jobs to the area.
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n. An empire is a large group of countries ruled by an emperor or empress.The emperor built roads to make travel easier throughout the empire.
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n. Goods are anything that can be bought or sold.Shoes, hats, dresses, and purses were the goods she wanted to buy.
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v. To heed something means to obey or follow it.You should heed the advice on the sign and not drive so fast.
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v. To hitchhike means to travel by asking for rides from passing vehicles.She didn't have a car, so she hitchhiked several miles to her brother's home.
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v. To mock someone means to tease them in a cruel way.The girls mocked Nancy because she was a new student.
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adj. If someone is neutral, then they do not help either of the two fighting sides.The girl's friend remained neutral while the couple was arguing.
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v. To persecute means to treat someone badly.Dan felt persecuted because he was smaller than the other boys at school.
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n. Pity is the feeling of sadness and kindness for those who are suffering.Because she had pity for the lost boy, she helped him find his parents.
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v. To reduce something means to make it smaller in size or fewer in number.When the store reduced its prices, people wanted to shop there.
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n. A scribe was a person whose job was to copy written works.In ancient Egypt, scribes recorded important events.
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n. A temper is someone's mood or a chance that they might get angry.She has a temper. Even the slightest mistakes make her angry.
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n. A throne is the special chair in which a ruler sits.Nobody except the king and queen sat in the thrones in the great hall.
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n. Unity is the state of people working together for a certain purpose.The project was finished early thanks to the unity of the workers.
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n. A victor is a group or person that wins in a contest.At the end of the game, the blue team were the victors.
Exercise
A ‣ Write the word that best fits each blank.
- mocking / temper
The other children were _____ him about how funny his new shoes looked, and it didn't take long for him to develop a bad _____. - scribes / unity
The _____ realized that they could copy more books if they stopped arguing and worked in _____. - cozy / hitchhiked
The young man _____ in the cold without getting a ride for a long time. When a car finally picked him up, the soft seat and warm air was very _____. - charity / goods
The _____ they received was not only money but also several _____, such as food and clothing. - heeded / neutral
The senators _____ the warning from the countries' leaders and decided to stay _____ in the war. - commerce / empire
The ancient _____ that we studied in class today was very important because it spread _____ and trade throughout the world. - throne / victor
The king's two sons had to fight to see who would become the next king. Whoever was the _____ would get to sit upon his father's _____. - pity / reduced
The cold and dirt had _____ the poor man's clothing to almost nothing, and the mayor felt _____ for him and took him home to his house. - economy / persecuted
The businessmen _____ the students because they didn't agree with their opinions concerning the _____. - condemned / depleted
The men had _____ the small lake of all its fish and were _____ to going without fish for many years.
B ‣ Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
- Appliances are things that are bought that usually last for many years. _____
- After making five cakes, all the sugar in the house was used up. _____
- During the holidays, offering financial help to others is very common. _____
- Because my views were different, I was treated badly by my classmates. _____
- The group that wins this game will have to play the very best team. _____
- When his car ran out of gas, he traveled by asking for rides to the gas station. _____
- Although it might seem like fun at the time, it's not nice to tease in a cruel way people. _____
- The warm weather lessened the snow that covered the ground. _____
- The state of working together the groups showed helped them to solve their problems. _____
- The many countries ruled by one person was beginning to slowly fall apart. _____
C ‣ Circle the answer that best fits the question.
- Who is someone who would NOT sit on a throne?
- a. A king
- b. A queen
- c. A chef
- d. An emperor
- All of the following describe something that's cozy EXCEPT _____.
- a. relaxing
- b. large
- c. comfortable
- d. warm
- What is something that you might heed?
- a. Food
- b. Money
- c. Fun
- d. Advice
- If someone can't control their temper, then they are likely to easily become _____.
- a. upset
- b. proud
- c. happy
- d. sleepy
- Which of the following is something a scribe would use?
- a. Goods
- b. An oven
- c. A pen
- d. Nails
The Scribe's Warning

A great and powerful empire needed the wood from its western areas to build palaces and homes for the emperor and his friends. However, the empire had depleted many of its forests. The trees were important to the western areas' economy. With no trees to sell, the commerce in that area was reduced. Citizens could no longer purchase the goods that they needed to survive. Their life became difficult.
A poor scribe from the area wanted to help. He hitchhiked to the capital to ask the emperor for charity. He was invited to the palace. It was large and cozy. Tables were loaded with food, and fires burned warmly in every fireplace.
The emperor sat upon his throne, and the scribe stood in front of him. "I've come to ask for help," the scribe said. "We're all very poor and hungry. You've used up all of the forests, and now we have nothing to sell." Then he added a warning. "If we don't receive help, I'm afraid that the entire empire will suffer. We must establish some unity."
Upon hearing the scribe's request, the emperor's bad temper surfaced. He mocked the scribe. "You think I should help," he said and laughed. "You should just be happy to belong to this great empire. You will get nothing from me."
The emperor felt no pity for the citizens of the western area. They were condemned to starve. The scribe returned home with nothing.
Not long after, an enemy invaded the empire from the west. They were marching to the capital. Because the citizens felt persecuted by the emperor, they remained neutral. They didn't fight the invaders but allowed them to march freely to the capital.
The emperor was defeated. If he had heeded the words of the scribe, then the citizens might have been the victors. But because he had treated them badly, they treated him badly in return.
Reading Comprehension
Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.
- _____ Much of the forest had been depleted by the empire.
__________ - _____ The sheep were important to the western areas' economy.
__________ - _____ The scribe hitchhiked to the capital to ask the emperor for charity.
__________ - _____ The scribe sat upon his throne, and the emperor stood in front of him.
__________ - _____ The emperor condemned the citizens of the western areas to hard work.
__________ - _____ If the emperor had heeded the scribe's warning, the citizens might have been the victors.
__________
Part B: Answer the questions.
- What is the passage about?
- a. Helping others to help yourself
- b. Having many homes
- c. Selling products for profit
- d. Defending one's country
- Why were the citizens hungry?
_____ - When the emperor heard the scribe's request, how did he behave?
_____

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