4000 Essential English Words 5 » Unit 1: The Little Mice

Word List
  • allot [əˈlɒt] v.
    To allot something means to give it to someone.
    The coach allotted each team five minutes to prepare a strategy.
  • appall [əˈpɔ:l] v.
    To appall means to horrify, shock, or disgust someone.
    The boy was appalled when he saw the accident.
  • cache [kæʃ] n.
    A cache is a hiding place for valuable things.
    The pirates kept their jewelry in a cache hidden in a cave.
  • convenience [kənˈviːnjənt] n.
    Convenience is a state of being able to do something with little effort.
    The Internet allows consumers to shop at their own convenience.
  • dearth [dəːrθ] n.
    A dearth is an amount or supply which is not large enough.
    There is a dearth of money in my bank account. I can’t afford a new car.
  • deliberate [diˈlibərit] adj.
    If a thing you do is deliberate, you intend to do it.
    She made a deliberate effort to save money each month.
  • dire [ˈdaiər] adj.
    When something is dire, it is terrible and very serious.
    The tornado created a dire situation for the small town.
  • elapse [iˈlæps] v.
    To elapse means to pass, as in seconds, minutes, or hours.
    A few seconds must elapse before you can take another picture.
  • empathy [ˈempəθi] n.
    Empathy is sharing or understanding another person’s feelings.
    The caring nurse had empathy for her patients.
  • fanciful [ˈfænsifəl] adj.
    When something is fanciful, it is unusual or unrealistic.
    The girl had fanciful ideas about doing well in school without studying.
  • gripe [graip] v.
    To gripe means to complain constantly.
    Lawrence always gripes when he has to do chores.
  • grueling [ˈgru:əliŋ] adj.
    When something is grueling, it is very hard to do.
    The climber faced the grueling task of reaching the top of the steep mountain.
  • mundane [ˈmʌnˈdein] adj.
    When something is mundane, it is boring, common, or ordinary.
    The man had the mundane chore of raking thousands of leaves into piles.
  • opt [ɒpt] v.
    To opt is to make a choice, especially when deciding in favor of something.
    My brother likes chocolate ice cream, but I always opt for vanilla.
  • outrage [ˈautreidʒ] n.
    Outrage is a very strong emotion of anger or shock.
    Tommy was feeling outrage when his parents said he couldn’t go to the dance.
  • paltry [ˈpɔːltri] adj.
    When an amount of something is paltry, it is very small.
    The poor man had a paltry sum of money.
  • rectify [ˈrektəfai] v.
    To rectify something means to correct it.
    I quickly rectified the spelling mistakes that I had on my essay.
  • resourceful [riˈsɔːrsfəl] adj.
    When someone is resourceful, they are good at dealing with hard situations.
    After his boat sunk, Matt was resourceful enough to build a raft.
  • sustenance [ˈsʌstənəns] n.
    Sustenance is food and water needed to keep a person, animal, or plant alive.
    Without the proper sustenance, the man will starve.
  • tedious [ˈtiːdiəs] adj.
    When something is tedious, it is long, frustrating, and boring.
    His job involved a lot of tedious typing, filing, and organizing.
Exercise 1

Choose the answer that best fits the question.

  1. You would have empathy if you ______.
    • a. shared sad feelings
    • b. lost in a game
    • c. hurt your arm
    • d. ate a large meal
  2. How would you feel if there was a dearth of food?
    • a. Happy
    • b. Hungry
    • c. Full
    • d. Sleepy
  3. If something is a convenience, then it makes ______ .
    • a. you very angry
    • b. you feel sick
    • c. a lot of money
    • d. a task easier
  4. How would a resourceful person deal with a problem?
    • a. Ignore it
    • b. Give up
    • c. Cry and ask for help
    • d. Find a solution
  5. If something was deliberate, then it was ______.
    • a. done with pride
    • b. done easily
    • c. done on purpose
    • d. not done at all
  6. How would you describe someone feeling a sense of outrage?
    • a. Peaceful
    • b. Upset
    • c. Tired
    • d. Arrogant
  7. What fanciful idea might a doctor have?
    • a. Give a patient medicine
    • b. Be kind to them
    • c. Tell them to rest
    • d. Ask a fairy for advice
  8. What would a tired person likely opt to do?
    • a. Watch a movie
    • b. Exercise
    • c. Finish a book
    • d. Go to bed
  9. To rectify hurting your friend, you would ______.
    • a. say sorry
    • b. laugh at him
    • c. hit him
    • d. ignore him
  10. What might appall a teacher?
    • a. Smart students
    • b. A happy student
    • c. A mean attitude
    • d. A long test
Exercise 2

Choose the one that is similar in meaning to the given word.

  1. outrage
    • a. idea
    • b. anger
    • c. beauty
    • d. personality
  2. rectify
    • a. to correct
    • b. to sadden
    • c. to bore
    • d. to be hard
  3. sustenance
    • a. belief
    • b. flowing
    • c. food and drink
    • d. torn
  4. dire
    • a. terrible
    • b. likely
    • c. large
    • d. small
  5. opt
    • a. to remove
    • b. to yell
    • c. to shout
    • d. to choose
Exercise 3

Choose the one that is opposite in meaning to the given word.

  1. tedious
    • a. fun
    • b. to read
    • c. to shrink
    • d. to love
  2. appall
    • a. to greet
    • b. to lower
    • c. to please
    • d. to create
  3. paltry
    • a. worthless
    • b. large
    • c. ugly
    • d. absent
  4. grueling
    • a. rough
    • b. exact
    • c. easy
    • d. necessary
  5. resourceful
    • a. foolish
    • b. realistic
    • c. impressive
    • d. surprising
Exercise 4

Write C if the italicized word is used correctly. Write I if the word is used incorrectly.

  1. ______ I had a big breakfast. Many hours will elapse before I feel hungry again.
  2. ______ Dan was a nice man, but no one would work for him because of his fanciful ideas.
  3. ______ I was very grateful for my birthday gifts. I griped about them to all of my friends.
  4. ______ Because there was a dearth of food at home, the family went out to eat.
  5. ______ The puppy was happy to learn new tricks. Each one was very mundane for him.
  6. ______ Mother allotted me and my brother the money. Now she had all the money.
  7. ______ The boy was proud of his trophies. He displayed them in a cache for everyone to see.
  8. ______ Because he had planned for the trap to capture his victim, he was very deliberate.
  9. ______ The violent criminal was on the news this evening. His actions appalled most people.
  10. ______ That man is very selfish. He has empathy for every person he meets.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
  1. a
  2. b
  3. d
  4. d
  5. c
  6. b
  7. d
  8. d
  9. a
  10. c
Exercise 2
  1. b
  2. a
  3. c
  4. a
  5. d
Exercise 3
  1. a
  2. c
  3. b
  4. c
  5. a
Exercise 4
  1. C
  2. C
  3. I
  4. C
  5. I
  6. I
  7. I
  8. C
  9. C
  10. I
Answer Key
The Little Mice

Beth was a very resourceful and conservative mouse. She knew that winter was coming and that there would soon be a dearth of food. So she decided to make gathering food for winter her primary job. Gathering food was a grueling and mundane activity, but Beth made a deliberate effort because she knew that it was important. She allotted herself a few hours every day to collect beans. By winter, she had collected a massive pile and hid them in a cache.

Beth had a sister named Mary. Mary lacked ambition. She had fanciful ideas about how she would survive winter. She thought that food would just come to her and that she could work at her own convenience. She opted to spend the days playing and dancing, instead of gathering beans. When the final hours of autumn elapsed, Mary had only a paltry amount of food stored away.

Mary realized that her food supply was too small to last through winter. She visited her sister. Mary said, “Beth, lamina dire situation. I didn’t gather enough food for winter. Will you let me share your beans? Please have some empathy for your sister!”

Beth thought for a moment. Then she replied, “Mary, I am truly sorry for you. But I will not give you any of my beans. Instead, I will let you have my empty bag. You can still work hard and gather enough food for the winter. It will be tedious, but you will learn the value of hard work.”

Beth’s words appalled Mary. Mary cried with outrage, “There is too much work! I won’t have any time to dance or play!”

Beth said, “It is crucial that you gather enough food. You must have sustenance before you have fun. Go now, and rectify your situation.”

Mary griped some more, but she knew that her sister was right. She took the bag and went to work gathering her own beans for the winter.

Reading Comprehension

Part A: Mark each statement T for true or F for false. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.

  1. _____ Beth was resourceful and conservative, so she gathered a paltry pile of beans for her cache.
    • _____________________________________________________
  2. _____ Because gathering food was tedious, Beth allotted a few hours of every day to do it.
    • _____________________________________________________
  3. _____ Beth did grueling and mundane work to overcome the dearth of food in the winter.
    • _____________________________________________________
  4. _____ Beth’s reply appalled Mary and made her reply in outrage.
    • _____________________________________________________
  5. _____ When the hours of autumn elapsed, Mary had a massive amount of food.
    • _____________________________________________________

Part B: Answer the questions.

  1. What was Beth’s primary job?
    _____________
  2. What fanciful idea did Mary opt to try?
    _____________
  3. What did Mary want her sister to have empathy about?
    _____________
  4. How did Mary rectify her dire situation and get sustenance?
    _____________
  5. Even though she griped, what did Mary know at the end of the story?
    _____________
Answer Key
Answer Key
Reading Comprehension
Part A
  1. F / Beth was resourceful and conservative, so she gathered a massive pile of beans for her cache.
  2. T
  3. T
  4. T
  5. F / When the hours of autumn elapsed, Mary had a paltry amount of food.
Part B
  1. Beth’s primary job was to gather food.
  2. She thought that food would just come to her, and she wouldn’t have to work.
  3. Mary not having anything to eat.
  4. Mary took the bag and went to work gathering beans.
  5. She knew her sister was right.
Favorite Books

The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 1: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 2: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 3: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 4: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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The activities in "4000 Essential English Words" are specially designed to make use of important learning conditions. Firstly, the words are introduced using sentence definitions and an example sentence. 4000 Essential English Words 6: 600 words (Unit 1 - Unit 30).

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